内容简介

在生活和工作空间里摆放绿植、鲜花，是不少人的日常习惯。在英国，很多人也热衷于在花园或阳台种植自己喜欢的花草，还会前往当地的 “gardening centre（园艺中心）” 挑选幼苗、种子和各类园艺用品。听节目，跟主持人步理和 Neil 学习与园艺和植物养护相关的英语单词和表达。

文字稿

（关于台词的备注: 请注意这不是广播节目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能没有体现录制、编辑过程中对节目做出的改变。）

Neil
Hey, Buli, do you know anything about the mud stains outside this studio?

Buli
Yeah… Those are probably from my boots. And watch out for your pants, too. Sorry I accidentally put a bag of compost on that chair.

Neil
What?!

Buli
大家好，欢迎收听 BBC 英语教学的 “你问我答” 节目。I'm Buli.

Neil
And I'm Neil. Since I've checked my chair and luckily, everything seems fine, let's hear the question.

Question
你好，我的英国笔友和我一样都喜欢摆弄花花草草，但有时候我不知道怎么给他形容我种东西的方法和过程，比如不同生长阶段的植物啊，花啊怎么说，还有松土和移栽用的小铲子和小耙子之类的工具和使用它们的动作。请问你们可以介绍一些这方面的词汇和表达吗？

Neil
I like this question because I've started to grow things in my garden, so it's good to share the vocabulary about it.

Buli
Yes. Any hobby has its own specialist set of language. Let's learn some of it in this programme.

Neil
Where have you been anyway, Buli? You've never worn boots to the office before.

Buli
Oh, I've just been to the garden centre. I've bought a pot and some seeds. I'm going to try to grow these flowers.

Neil
And you've got the other things you need? A trowel, watering can, a rake perhaps? I see you've got compost at least.

Buli
Yes, I've got all of that. I've even got a big garden fork at home.

Neil
Ah. Well, it definitely sounds like you like gardening!

Buli
Yeah, look at this picture of my garden. Everything is at different stages. There are some tiny seedlings here – you can just see the first green shoots. But if you look at those flowers, they've already got some buds. I just can't wait to see them bloom.

你正在收听的是 BBC 英语教学制作的 “你问我答” 节目。在本期节目中，我们正在学习和 “gardening（园艺）” 有关的英语表达。其实不只是在宽阔的花园里，哪怕是形容如何在阳台或桌面上养点花花草草，这些单词和表达也都能派上用场。

We've got quite a few gardening words here, so let's go through them.

Neil
Yes. For a start, some of them are related to different stages of growing a plant – 'seed', 'seedling', 'buds' and 'bloom'. A seed is the thing you put in the ground. You plant it. When you start to see the first tiny green stems or shoots above the ground, we can call them seedlings.

Buli
Then as the plants grow, you might start to see buds. These are the round shapes that flowers grow out of.

“Seed（种子）”、“seedling（幼苗）”、“bud（花蕾）” 和 “bloom（花朵）” 四个单词分别对应了植物生长周期中常见的四个阶段和形态。在英语中，“seed”、“bud” 和 “bloom” 这三个单词也可以作动词使用。

Buli
动词 “seed” 的意思是 “播种，种下种子”，而 “bud” 和 “bloom” 分别指的则是花草 “发芽，结出花骨朵” 和 “花朵绽放” 的过程。

We heard some of the tools that you can use to take care of plants as well – a 'trowel', 'rake' and 'fork'.

Neil
Yes, a trowel is a little shovel with a short handle that you can use to dig something small. A rake is like a hard broom with a long handle, but with hard metal teeth. We can use it to help prepare the soil for planting, breaking up big bits of earth. We can also use 'rake' as a verb to describe doing this.

Buli
The other thing we use for breaking up the earth and planting things is a fork – it looks a bit like the thing we use for eating, but it's much bigger!

在照顾花草时，我们也会用到许多特殊的工具。比如，“trowel” 指的就是 “可以单手使用的小铲子，松土用的小手铲”。而需要大面积松土或清扫土地时用到的 “耙子”则可以叫做 “rake”。要注意的是，“rake” 通常指的是那些齿部比较密集的 “耙子”，而只有少数分叉的 “草叉” 或 “园艺叉” 则被称为 “fork”，两者的用途是有些不同的。同时，“rake” 还可以作动词，描述 “用耙子松土、整平土地” 的动作。

顺带一提，和国内的 “花鸟鱼虫市场” 有些类似，在英国，人们也会去 “gardening centre（园艺中心，园艺卖场）” 来选购和园艺有关的种子、植物、工具和装饰品。

Then we had a couple of words to talk about where you grow things. We heard 'pot' and 'compost'.

Neil
So, compost is like soil, but it has nutrients that help plants grow. You can buy it at a garden centre, or you can make your own by keeping things like vegetable cuttings and fruit peel and letting it break down for a few months.

And unlike a cooking pot, a flowerpot is the container that you can grow things in. They are usually round and might have holes in the bottom to let out excessive water. Long and rectangular containers for plants are usually called 'planters'. 

Buli
是的。在英国，“长方形的园艺盆或花园盆” 通常被叫做 “planters”，“圆形的小花盆” 则可以被称为 “pot” 或 “flowerpot”。放在花盆里或者撒在地里帮助植物生长的 “营养土，堆肥” 在英语中被叫做 “compost”。同时，我们也可以用 “compost” 作动词来描述 “制作堆肥” 的过程。

最后，Neil 在节目一开始的对话中还提到了一件十分常见的工具，那就是 “watering can（洒水壶，浇花壶）”。它对应的动作自然就是 “water（浇水）”。

Neil
By the way, all that sounds like a lot of hard work, though, so I prefer to use a hosepipe, which is a long flexible pipe you attach to a tap and use to water your garden.

Buli
That is convenient when you have a lot to water!

希望本期节目能帮到这位喜欢摆弄花草的听众，也祝大家在闲暇时种下的绿植和鲜花都能健康成长，为生活增添一抹清新！

Neil
And remember, if you have a question you'd like us to answer, you can email us too at: questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk

Buli
你还可以通过微博向我们提问。我们的微博账号是 “BBC英语教学”。Bye!

Neil
Goodbye!

考古学家发现了迄今在威尔士发现的最大罗马别墅遗址。他们认为这一 “了不起的发现” 有望成为 “塔尔博特港的庞贝古城”。

Beloved by generations of visitors and steeped in history, Margam Park was already known to have an Iron Age hill fort, the remains of a Norman abbey and a Victorian castle, which looks out today over Port Talbot steelworks. Now, though, it can add a Roman villa to that list.

马格姆公园深受几代访客喜爱，且历史底蕴深厚。这里原本就因拥有一座铁器时代的山丘堡垒、一处诺曼时期修道院遗址，以及一座俯瞰塔尔博特港钢铁厂的维多利亚时期的城堡而闻名。而现在，公园的古迹名单上又多了一座罗马别墅遗址。

Sophisticated scanning devices were used to look for archaeological features hidden underground, and the Swansea University-led team struck gold.

由斯旺西大学领衔的团队利用先进的扫描设备寻找埋藏在地下的考古遗迹，并取得了这一重大发现。

The villa itself has multiple rooms, a substantial side building, and it sits within a defensive enclosure. The experts hope to find mosaic floors and other precious artefacts, and say their discovery is of a scale and level of preservation unmatched in Wales so far.

这座别墅拥有多个房间、一座规模颇大的附属建筑，并坐落于一处设有防御设施的围合区域内。专家希望在此发现马赛克地面和其它珍贵文物，并表示，无论是遗址规模还是保存状况，此次发现在威尔士都堪称首屈一指。

词汇表

beloved 深受喜爱的，备受喜爱的
steeped 浸润于…中的，有着深厚…底蕴的
Iron Age 铁器时代
hill fort 山丘堡垒
abbey 修道院
steelworks 钢铁厂
scanning 扫描用的
struck gold 取得重大发现
mosaic 马赛克
unmatched 首屈一指的，无与伦比的

听力练习

一、听第一遍音频，回答问题。

1.The Roman villa was found…
a. after years of searching for it. 
b. on a site that already has historical remains.  
c. accidentally by visitors of Margam Park. 

二、用一分钟阅读下列问题，然后听第二遍音频并回答问题。

1. From a Victorian castle on the site, you can see…
a. the Roman villa. 
b. Port Talbot steelworks. 
c. Swansea University.

2. Researchers found gold on the site of the villa. 
a. True
b. False
c. Not given

3. What surrounds the Roman villa?
a. a defensive enclosure
b. multiple rooms
c. one large side building

4. Researchers founda mosaic floor in the villa.
a. True
b. False
c. Not given

5. Which word best describes the scale and level of preservation of the villa compared to others found in Wales?
a. unconventional
b. uncertain
c. unparalleled

三、听第三遍音频，将句子补充完整。（提示：可以反复听，直到听清楚每一个词）

1. Margam Park was already known ______________ Iron Age hill fort.

2. Sophisticated scanning devices were used to look for archaeological features ______________.

答案

一、听第一遍音频，回答问题。

b. Beloved by generations of visitors and steeped in history, Margam Park was already known to have an Iron Age hill fort, the remains of a Norman abbey and a Victorian castle.

二、用一分钟阅读下列问题，然后听第二遍音频并回答问题。

1. b. …and a Victorian castle, which looks out today over Port Talbot steelworks. 

2. c. Not given. …the Swansea University-led team struck gold. The phrase 'struck gold' is metaphorical, not literal. It is not mentioned whether gold was found.

3. a. The villa itself has multiple rooms, a substantial side building and it sits within a defensive enclosure.  

4. b. False. The experts hope to find mosaic floors and other precious artefacts…

5. c. …and say their discovery is of a scale and level of preservation unmatched in Wales so far.

三、听第三遍音频，将句子补充完整。（提示：可以反复听，直到听清楚每一个词）

1. Margam Park was already known to have an Iron Age hill fort.

2. Sophisticated scanning devices were used to look for archaeological features hidden underground.

小时候，过山车带来的惊险和刺激总让人乐此不疲。但随着年龄增长，身体的变化和对风险认知的提高，可能会让乘坐过山车变得不再那么轻松愉快。为什么人们在童年时期往往更能享受坐过山车的乐趣呢？阅读本文，了解其背后的科学原理，以及如何在长大后依然享受过山车带来的刺激。

词汇：thrill-seeking 寻求刺激

1 Rollercoasters have been making stomachs flip for centuries. The earliest versions appeared in 17th-century Russia, where brave riders slid down giant ice-covered ramps. Modern steel rollercoasters transformed theme parks into thrill-seeking playgrounds. Today, they're bigger, faster and taller than ever. Millions of people queue for hours just to experience a few minutes of screaming, laughing and that heart-racing drop. But if you're anything like me, there comes a point when those rides stop feeling exciting and start feeling... slightly regrettable.

2 As children, rollercoasters seem almost impossible to resist. Part of the appeal is that contrasting mix of fear and excitement. According to BBC Science Focus, rollercoasters trigger the body's fight-or-flight response, releasing adrenaline, dopamine and endorphins that make the experience feel exciting and rewarding. Our brains quickly learn to associate that rush with fun, which is why so many children can't wait to jump back in the queue. The sense of achievement doesn't hurt either – finally being tall enough to ride the biggest coaster feels like a rite of passage, making us feel braver and probably way cooler at the time.

3 So why does that love affair often fade with age? Unfortunately, our bodies change. WanderWisdom explains that changes in the inner ear as we get older can make us more sensitive to motion, meaning rollercoasters that once felt thrilling may now leave us feeling dizzy or nauseous. Motion sickness happens when the brain receives conflicting signals from the eyes and inner ear, leading to dizziness, nausea and that feeling of churning in your tummy. Add stiffer joints, sore necks and a stronger awareness of risk, and it's hardly surprising that the rides we once begged to go on can suddenly feel more exhausting than exhilarating.

4 The good news is that you don't have to completely give up coasters. Dramamine recommends staying hydrated, avoiding heavy meals before riding and looking towards the horizon instead of down at the tracks. Choosing a seat towards the middle can also make the ride feel less intense. These simple changes may reduce motion sickness and help you to rediscover the fun of laughing and screaming along the way without feeling the need to hurl or pass out as often!

测验与练习

一、为本文选择总结句。

a. Everyone loves rollercoasters when they're a kid.
b. It's impossible for you to get over your dislike of rollercoasters.
c. There are some things you can do to help make rollercoasters feel enjoyable.

二、 根据文章内容选出正确的选项。

1. The first rollercoasters were built from steel.
a. True
b. False
c. Not given

2. According to the text, why do many children enjoy rollercoasters so much?
a. Their brains associate the rush of adrenaline with fun.
b. They are less likely to feel motion sickness than adults.
c. They enjoy waiting in long queues.

3. As people get older, changes to the inner ear can make rollercoasters feel more uncomfortable.
a. True
b. False
c. Not given

4. Which of the following is NOT suggested as a way to reduce motion sickness?
a. Close your eyes throughout the ride.
b. Sit towards the middle of the ride.
c. Stay hydrated.

5. The writer says that adults should stop riding rollercoasters completely.
a. True
b. False
c. Not given

三、用下列单词完成对本文的总结。

Have you ever felt like you might 1) _______ while riding a rollercoaster as an adult? Though you might experience a slight 2) _______, you're more likely as an adult to find rollercoasters 3) _______. This could be because of how 4) _______ our bodies become as we age, or that the changes in our ears make us feel 5) _______ from the motion of the ride.

beg
contrasting
dizzy
pass out
regrttable
rush
stiff

（答案见词汇表后）

词汇表

flip 翻腾
slide 滑行
thrill-seeking 追求刺激的
queue 排队
regrettable 令人后悔的
resist 抵挡，抗拒
contrasting 截然不同的，形成对比的
trigger 引发，触发
endorphin 内啡肽
rush 强烈的刺激感，兴奋感
rite of passage 成长的必经阶段
dizzy 头晕目眩的
conflicting 相互矛盾的
churning （胃里）翻腾的，反胃的
stiffer 更僵硬的
beg 恳求
exhilarating 令人兴奋的，令人振奋的
horizon 地平线
intense 剧烈的，强烈的
rediscover 重新找回，重新发现
hurl 呕吐
pass out 失去知觉，昏倒 

答案

一、 为本文选择总结句。

c. There are some things you can do to help make rollercoasters feel enjoyable

二、根据文章内容选出正确的选项。

1. b. False. The earliest versions appeared in 17th-century Russia, where brave riders slid down giant ice-covered ramps.

2. a. Our brains quickly learn to associate that rush with fun, which is why so many children can't wait to jump straight back in the queue.

3. a. True. Changes to the inner ear as we get older can make us more sensitive to motion, meaning rollercoasters that once felt thrilling may now leave us feeling dizzy or nauseous

4. a. The text recommends staying hydrated, avoiding heavy meals before riding and looking towards the horizon instead of down at the tracks. Choosing a seat towards the middle can also make the ride feel less intense. It does not recommend closing your eyes.

5. b. False. The good news is that you don't have to completely give up coasters.

三、用下列单词完成对本文的总结。

Have you ever felt like you might pass out while riding a roller coaster as an adult? Though you might experience a slight rush, you’re more likely as an adult to find rollercoasters regrettable. This could be because of how stiff our bodies become as we age, or that the changes in our ears make us feel dizzy from the motion of the ride. 

节目简介

常有人说：“Well begun, half done（好的开始是成功的一半）”。而在英语中，如果有一个想法太过离谱，听起来 “注定行不通，甚至不值得一试”，就可以用 “non-starter” 来形容。在谈判中，人们还会用 “non-starter” 指那些 “触碰底线、完全无法接受或没有讨论余地的条件”。听节目，跟主持人菲菲和 Phil 学习复合名词 “non-starter” 的用法。

文字稿

（关于台词的备注: 请注意这不是广播节目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能没有体现录制、编辑过程中对节目做出的改变。）

Feifei
Hello and welcome to Authentic Real English, where we explain phrases and expressions used by fluent English speakers so that you can use them too. I'm Feifei.

Phil
And I'm Phil.

Feifei
What are you working on there, Phil?

Phil
I've been putting together a business idea: mail-order coffee.

Feifei
What's that?

Phil
Yeah, you could have an app, and then when you fancy a coffee, you press a button, and someone makes you one and sends it to you through the post.

Feifei
Um… I think that's the worst business idea I've ever heard. In fact, I'd say that's a complete non-starter.

Phil
Hm… Maybe you're right. I'll have to think of something else. In the meantime, let's look at that expression 'non-starter'. Can you explain it, Feifei?

Feifei
Yes, we describe something as a non-starter if we think it has absolutely no chance of succeeding. I think a mail-order coffee business is pretty much guaranteed to fail – it's a non-starter.

Phil
It's an expression that we can use to talk about a business idea, but it's also something that can be about any plan, project or initiative. We often use the expression to say that something hasn't been approved.

Feifei
Yes. So, it's also what we use to reject a proposal. For example, 'I've seen your suggestion, but I'm sorry, that's a non-starter'.

Let's listen to some other people using the expression 'non-starter'.

Examples
I've got some friends who live in Scotland. They've invited me up to their house for Christmas, which is great. But they want me to go for a freezing cold swim in the sea on Christmas day, and that is a non-starter.

You want me to leave at 6.30 in the morning for this hike? That's a non-starter.

I pitched an idea at work to make a podcast series about monkeys learning English. My boss said it was a non-starter.

Feifei
你正在收听的是 BBC 英语教学制作的 “地道英语” 节目。在本期节目中，我们正在学习表达 “non-starter” 的用法。“Non-starter” 是一个复合名词，字面意思是 “无法开始的事情”。在实际使用中，它常被用来比喻那些 “一开始就注定难以成功、听起来就没有希望实现的计划、提议或想法”。

除此之外，在谈判和讨价还价的时候，我们也可以用 “non-starter” 来描述 “完全无法接受、连考虑余地都没有的条件或提议”。换句话说，如果某个条件触碰了底线，以至于谈判根本无法继续进行，那么这个条件就是一个 “non-starter”。

Phil
Yes, it might come from horse-racing, where a horse that just stays at the start line and refuses to run is described as a 'non-starter'. Literally, it didn't start the race.

Feifei
OK. That's it for this programme but join us again next time. When it comes to ideas, learning English is definitely not a non-starter, and we have lots of different ways to help you!

Phil
See you next time!

Feifei
Bye-bye!

本集内容

97-year-old woman breaks another wingwalking record a year after stroke

97 岁老妇人在中风一年后再次打破 “机翼行走” 世界纪录

文字稿

A 97-year-old woman, who suffered a stroke in 2025, has broken the Guinness World Record for being the oldest female wingwalker.

一名曾于 2025 年中风的 97 岁女性打破了吉尼斯世界纪录，成为全球年龄最大的女性 “机翼行走者”。

Betty Bromage, who lives in Cheltenham, broke her own record which was set when she did the same challenge four years ago.

居住在切尔滕纳姆的贝蒂·布罗马奇打破了自己四年前在同一挑战中创下的世界纪录。

By accomplishing this challenging stunt, Bromage raised funds for the stroke unit at Cheltenham General Hospital, where staff cared for her when she was sick.

通过完成这项极具挑战性的特技表演，布罗马奇为切尔滕纳姆总医院的卒中病房筹集了善款。她中风住院时，那里的医护人员曾为她提供悉心照顾。

Betty Bromage, world-record-breaking wingwalker
"I'd just get bored at life otherwise. When you get old you can't go here, you can't do this, you can't drive, you can't see. I can't see very well, and I get a bit frustrated. So I want to do the things that I can do."

贝蒂·布罗马奇    打破世界纪录的 “机翼行走者”
“如果不去挑战，我可能就要对生活感到厌倦了。人老了以后，这也不能去，那也不能做，开不了车，也看不清东西。我现在的视力就大不如前，这让我有点沮丧。所以我想去做那些自己还能做到的事情。”

Last year, she had a stroke which still affects her speech, but she says that otherwise her health is good.

去年，她经历了一次中风，至今说话仍受到一定影响。但她说自己其它方面的身体状况还不错。

While she was taking on the wingwalking challenge again, her friends and neighbours watched nervously and cheered her on.

当她再次挑战 “机翼行走” 时，她的朋友和邻居们紧张地看着她，为她加油鼓劲。

Betty's friend
"Go, Betty!"

贝蒂的朋友
“加油，贝蒂！”

BBC correspondent
"What was it like watching her doing those loop-the-loops in there?"

BBC 通讯员
“看着她在空中完成那些翻筋斗的特技动作，是什么感受？”

Betty's friend
"Awful. I was here four years ago. Awful. Makes you want to cry. But yeah, she got on fantastic. Yeah. So proud of her."

贝蒂的朋友
“太吓人了。我四年前就在这看过一次，把我吓坏了。真的让人想哭。不过，她表现得太棒了。我真为她感到骄傲。”

重点词汇或表达

stroke 中风

raised funds 募集善款，募捐

frustrated 沮丧的

cheer… on 为（某人）加油助威

loop-the-loops 翻筋斗式特技飞行动作